Formulae & Functional Groups

  • M/J 2017/P11/Q36

 

Molecules 1–4 are unbranched hydrocarbons.

Which row correctly identifies these hydrocarbons as alkanes or alkenes?

 

Answer: ​​ A

 

Explaination:

 

Alkane doesn’t undergo addition reaction with bromine instead alkane undergoes substitution reaction with bromine/chlorine. However, Alkene undergoes addition reaction with bromine so by putting the values of “n” from molecular formula into general formula we can get the correct answer.

 

(Alkene: CnH2n, Alkane: CnH2n+2)

 

Option W: ​​ C9H18 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ C9H2 (9)​​ = C9H18

Option X:  ​​​​ C9H20

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ C9H2 (9) +2​​ = C9H20

Option Y:  ​​​​ C10H20

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ C10H2 (10)​​ = C10H20

Option Z:  ​​​​ C10H22

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ C10H2 (10)+2​​ = C10H22

 

Hence options​​ W & Y​​ are alkenes as they put correctly in general formula of​​ alkene​​ so they undergo​​ addition reaction​​ whereas, options X & Z are alkanes.