8463/1H June 2022

  • Figure​​ 1​​ shows​​ a​​ large​​ wind​​ farm​​ off​​ the​​ coast​​ of​​ the​​ UK​​ 

 

 

The​​ mean​​ power​​ output​​ of​​ the​​ wind​​ farm​​ is​​ 696​​ MW,​​ which​​ is​​ enough​​ power​​ for​​ ​​ 580​​ 000 homes.

 

i-​​ Calculate the mean power needed for 1 home.

 

Give your answer in​​ watts. ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ [2​​ marks]

SOLUTION​​ 

To calculate the mean power needed for 1 home, let us divide the total power output of the wind farm by total number of homes to which electricity is supplied.​​ 

 

Don’t forget to change mega watts (MW) to watts (W). Take the help from the following table.​​ 

 

Prefix

Meaning

Giga (G)

109

Mega (M)

106

Kilo (k)

103

Deci (d)

10-1

Centi (c)

10-2

Milli (m)

10-3

Micro (μ)

10-6

Nano (n)

10-9

​​ 

 

Mean Power needed=Mean Power generatedNo. of homes

=696×106 580000

 

=1200 W

 

On​​ one​​ day​​ the​​ demand​​ for​​ electricity​​ in the UK​​ was 34​​ 000 MW.

 

ii-​​ Suggest two reasons why wind power was not able to meet this demand.​​ 

 

[2 marks]

SOLUTION

(Here you may write the challenges/disadvantages of wind turbine that are logically​​ alligned to the question’s need.)

  • Since wind power is unreliable, the​​ mean power output​​ at that day might not have been enough to meet the demand.​​ 

  • Wind might have been too light that little power was produced.

  • Uk don’t have enough wind turbine to meet the demand.​​ 

 

(You​​ may pick any two reasons.)

 

Some of the energy from the wind used to rotate a wind turbine is​​ wasted.

  

An engineer oils the mechanical parts of a wind turbine.

 

iii-​​ Explain how oiling would affect the efficiency of the wind turbine.

 

[3 marks]

SOLUTION

Oiling reduces friction as a result less energy​​ is​​ wasted​​ in the form of heat.​​ This makes a larger proportion of energy to be useful. Hence, increasing the efficiency.​​ 

 

(An Increase in useful power output causes increase in useful power input.​​ As the formula of efficiency is​​ efficiency=useful power outputtotal power input.​​ )

 

 

In most homes in the UK there are many different electrical devices.

  

iv-​​ Explain why people should be encouraged to use energy efficient electrical devices.

[2 marks]

SOLUTION

  • So that their is less wastage of energy.

  • To minimize the energy demand.​​ 

 

(Remember, energy efficient electrical devices would waste less energy; as a result, there is greater proportion of useful output energy.)